Texas is a community property state. What this means is that ANY property acquired during the marriage shall be divided between spouses and that any property that you came in with you leave with.
Why did you not take the children with you? I ask primarily because that seems to be the typical scenario. In any case, I can't find anything that would indicate that you've abandoned your children, in any substantive way, save that you left them with their father, whom you allege is physically abusive.
He cannot collect child support without that pesky divorce AND a child support decree. At the time of divorce you must petition for physical and legal custody. Be prepared for some sharp and probing questions.
You are going to need an attorney.

