Since you have not worked there for a year yet and since there are less than 50 employees within 75 miles of your location, FMLA does not apply. Since FMLA does not apply, you can be fired for absences due to illness.
I don't have time right now to address the rest of your post because I don't want you to take what I've said above as assuming you have no recourse. But I'll have to address it later today, so hang tight, okay?

