would I be able to get my transcripts after bankruptcy?
no

can I take the school to court because I was not in school and they are charging me as if I was?
yet you admit to: ;
the school is charging me the whole year because I did not properly discharged myself from school.
Did you fail to withdraw properly?

. My debt is $25,000 which was sent to collections by the school without giving me time to request a payment plan.
were you under the understanding they had to offer you a payment plan? They don't.

the only question is how can they charge you for the full year if you signed up for only one semester. Have you asked them why they are charging for the full year and not just the semester you were registered for?